Wireless Power Transfer for Biomedical Implants

ABSTRACT Various techniques for wireless power transfer (WPT) have been employed in diverse biomedical applications to address issues such as limited battery capacity, short lifespan, and the high costs associated with surgical interventions. These applications involve the use of biomedical implants (BMIs) and biomedical sensors (BMSs), such as pacemakers, deep brain stimulators, capsule endoscopes, and cardiac monitoring devices. This article reviews near‐field WPT approaches applied to BMIs and BMSs, such as magnetic resonance coupling (MRC), inductive coupling (IC), and capacitive coupling (CC), shedding light on other novel developed schemes used for biomedical applications. The exploration of WPT in recent years aims to improve key performance metrics of BMIs. The article also discusses challenges and limitations in employing WPT in the biomedical field, providing recommendations for enhancing WPT efficiency, increasing the power transfer range, and addressing the misalignment issue that occurred between the transmitter (Tx) and the receiver (Rx) in biomedical applications. Furthermore, the article highlights some future trends in WPT‐based BMIs.