A class switch control region at the 3′ end of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus

We replaced the IgH 3' enhancer (3'EH) region with a neomycin resistance gene in ES cells and generated chimeric mice in which all mature lymphocytes were either heterozygous (3'EH+/-) or homozygous (3'EH-/-) for the mutation. In vitro activated 3'EH-/- B cells responded similarly to 3'EH+/- B cells with respect to proliferation and secretion of IgM and IgG1 but were specifically deficient in IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3, and IgE secretion. These isotype deficiencies correlated with a deficiency in accumulation of transcripts from and class switching to affected CH genes. In vivo, chimeric mice containing only 3'EH-/- B cells were deficient in serum IgG2a and IgG3. We propose that the 3'EH-/- mutation disrupts the activity of a regulatory region that influences heavy chain class switching to several different CH genes that lie as far as 100 kb upstream of the mutation.