再生(生物学)
生物医学工程
材料科学
3d打印
双层
解剖
化学
医学
生物
膜
细胞生物学
生物化学
作者
Yuewei Chen,Zongshu Zou,Tao Fu,Zhuang Li,Zhao-Jie Zhang,Meng Zhu,Qing Gao,Shaofei Wu,Guosheng Fu,Yong He,Jiayin Fu
标识
DOI:10.1088/2631-7990/ad2f50
摘要
Abstract Synthetic vascular grafts suitable for small-diameter arteries (< 6 mm) are in great need. However, there are still no commercially available small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) in clinical practice due to thrombosis and stenosis after in vivo implantation. When designing SDVGs, many studies emphasized reendothelization but ignored the importance of reconstruction of the smooth muscle layer (SML). To facilitate rapid SML regeneration, a high-resolution 3D printing method was used to create a novel bilayer SDVG with structures and mechanical properties mimicking natural arteries. Bioinspired by the collagen alignment of SML, the inner layer of the grafts had larger pore sizes and high porosity to accelerate the infiltration of cells and their circumferential alignment, which could facilitate SML reconstruction for compliance restoration and spontaneous endothelialization. The outer layer was designed to induce fibroblast recruitment by low porosity and minor pore size and provide SDVG with sufficient mechanical strength. One month after implantation, the arteries regenerated by 3D-printed grafts exhibited better pulsatility than electrospun grafts, with a compliance (8.9%) approaching that of natural arteries (11.36%) and significantly higher than that of electrospun ones (1.9%). The 3D-printed vascular demonstrated a three-layer structure more closely resembling natural arteries while electrospun grafts showed incomplete endothelium and immature SML. Our study shows the importance of SML reconstruction during vascular graft regeneration and provides an effective strategy to reconstruct blood vessels through 3D-printed structures rapidly.
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