Association between endometriosis and metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data

Endometriosis has been reported to be associated with metabolism-related diseases, such as hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, while no studies have reported the association between endometriosis and metabolic syndrome. This study aims to explore the association between endometriosis and metabolic syndrome. Also, the association between endometriosis and single metabolic syndrome indicator was explored. This was a cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 2389 participants were finally included for analysis, with 2212 in the non-endometriosis group and 177 in the endometriosis group. Association between endometriosis and metabolic syndrome was explored using multivariate logistic regression analysis, with results shown as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Association between endometriosis and single metabolic syndrome indicator was explored using multivariate liner regression analysis. After adjusting age, race, education level, family poverty to income ratio (PIR), smoking, age at menarche, gravidity, menopause, female hormones use, and dyslipidemia drug use, endometriosis was associated with the higher odds of metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.01–2.35). Further adjusting hysterectomy or oophorectomy, we found the similar association despite no statistical significance (OR = 1.47, 95%CI: 0.96–2.25). Moreover, we found endometriosis was associated with the high level of triglyceride (TG) (β = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.06–0.70). Our study found the association between endometriosis and metabolic conditions, indicating that metabolic conditions of endometriosis women should be focused, and monitoring the blood lipid levels may be significant in decreasing the risk of metabolic syndrome.