The Role of Non-Homologous End Joining and Microhomology-Mediated End Joining in Chromosomal Rearrangements

Double-strand DNA break (DSB) repair mechanisms vary in their ability to prevent errors during end joining. The joining of DSBs on different chromosomes can result in translocations, potentially leading to tumorigenesis. This review examines the main mechanisms of DSB repair and factors influencing their selection, as well as contribution of these mechanisms to the chromosomal rearrangements in human cells.