Structure of 4  ×  2 optical encoder based on hybrid plasmonic waveguides

The optical 4 × 2 encoder is organized with a structure of dimensions 920 n m × 400 n m , a resonance wavelength of 1310 nm, and a transmission threshold value of 30%. Based on the finite element method with the COMSOL software package, the proposed hybrid plasmonic encoder has been suggested, analyzed, and simulated, standing on the fundamentals of the constructive and destructive interferences between the light waves. The results were delivered in graphs containing the transmission values versus a wavelength range from 800 to 2000 nm, magnetic field distribution, contrast ratio, modulation depth, and insertion losses. The maximum transmission value reached was 68.4%; the modulation depth was 92.34%; and the contrast ratio was 11.1 dB.