Facile hydrothermal assembly of WS 2 –RGO heterostructures guided by chemometrics: a green electrochemical strategy for ceftriaxone surveillance in livestock

A green WS 2 –RGO electrochemical sensor, optimized via chemometrics, enables highly sensitive detection of ceftriaxone. Achieving an ultralow LOD of 0.009 µM, it provides a robust tool for antibiotic surveillance in livestock.