On the other hand, factors influencing electrophilicityhave much less been investigated. Changing the electro-philic center from a carbonyl to a sulfonyl or phosphinylgroup would exert significant effect on their electrophilicity.However, systematic studies on changing such electrophiliccenters have been lacking. On ly scattered information on thereactivity of carbonyl, sulfonyl, and phosphinyl esters ofsimilar structures is available.