Active-Site Modulation in an Fe-Porphyrin-Based Metal–Organic Framework through Ligand Axial Coordination: Accelerating Electrocatalysis and Charge-Transport Kinetics

The construction of artificial solar fuel generating systems requires the heterogenization of large quantities of catalytically active sites on electrodes. In that sense, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been utilized to assemble unpreceded concentration of electrochemically active molecular catalysts to drive energy-conversion electrocatalytic reactions. However, despite recent advances in MOF-based electrocatalysis, so far no attempt has been made to exploit their unique chemical modularity in order to tailor the electrocatalytic function of MOF-anchored active sites at the molecular level. Here, we show that the axial coordination of electron-donating ligands to active MOF-installed Fe-porphyrins dramatically alters their electronic properties, accelerating the rates of both redox-based MOF conductivity and the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Additionally, electrochemical characterizations show that in multiple proton-coupled electron transfer reactions MOF-based redox hopping is not the only factor that limits the overall electrocatalytic rate. Hence, future efforts to enhance the efficiency of electrocatalytic MOFs should also consider other important kinetic parameters such as the rate of proton-associated chemical steps as well as mass-transport rates of counterions, protons, and reactants toward catalytically active sites.