Rhodiola sp. is a pronounced medicinal and edible plant in China,which has various physiological activities and pharmacological actions. Plants belonging to Rhodiola genus have been a research focus in the field of food and medicine industry. Rhodiola sp. exhibits excellent antioxidant activity. The antioxidant components such as flavonoids and its glycoside,p-tyrosol,salidroside,procyanidins and polysaccharide,as well as their antioxidant mechanisms are concluded in this article,which can provide the basis for further exploring and utilizing the resources of Rhodiola sp.