Aim To investigate the correlation of protein p16 expression and viral load of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) with low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN1). Methods Immunocytochemical analysis of protein p16 in 75 CIN1 biopsy tissues was performed and viral load of HR-HPV was detected by hybrid capture Ⅱ( HC-Ⅱ). Results The positive rate of p16 expression was 60.0% and the expression level of p16 was positively correlated with HR-HPV load ,showing significant difference(P 0.05). Conclusion The overexprssion of protein p16 is correlated with high load of HR-HPV in CIN1.