The fossil carnivores of the Transvaal caves. The Hyaenidae of Kromdraai

S ummary. A brief account of the Transvaal fossiliferous deposits is given. It is noted that the Kromdraai “associated” fauna may not be contemporaneous with the Kromdraai australopithecine, Paranthropus robustus . The hyaenids occurring in the Kromdraai deposit are described; additional details of Crocuta spelaea capensis Broom are given, and two new species, Crocuta ultra and Hyaena bellax are described. It is considered that the damaged mandible described by Broom (1939) as possibly belonging to Hyaena hyaena cannot be accepted as a reliable record of the occurrence of this species in the Kromdraai deposit.