The 30 m annual soil water erosion dataset in Chinese mainland from 1990 to 2022

This dataset is the 30m hydraulic erosion data of Chinese mainland from 1990 to 2022 (t/(hm2 a)), constructed based on Google Earth Engine and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). The RUSLE formula includes five factors: Cover management factor(C), Soil erodibility factor(K), Slope length and steepness factor(LS), Rainfall erosivity factor(R), and Support practice factor(P). By multiplying these five factors, the soil erosion modulus can be obtained. Among them, a random forest interpolation method for rainfall data is introduced to obtain 30 m annual rainfall data and a multi-equation combined vegetation cover management factor tailored to the soil characteristics of mainland China is designed. Each zip file contains soil erosion data for 31 provinces in Chinese mainland. All files in this dataset are in TIFF format. Each province has been divided into multiple tiles based on its area size. To use this dataset, it is necessary to mosaic each tile of a province together. This dataset not only enables the public to have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the serious harm of soil erosion but also provides regional, precise, and scientific basis for government decision-making.