Research and application advances in rubber flame retardant technology

Abstract Rubber materials, known for their excellent physical and mechanical properties, are widely used in products such as tires, shock absorbers, and conveyor belts. However, most rubbers have a low limiting oxygen index (LOI) and are considered flammable materials, which limit their application in certain fields. Preparing rubber materials with good flame retardancy has become a key research topic. This paper mainly discusses the intrinsic flame retardancy, inorganic filler flame retardancy, nano-technology flame retardancy, and polymer flame retardancy from the aspects of chemical grafting and physical blending. It summarizes the research progress in the field of flame-retardant rubber over the past five years and predicts the research trends of flame-retardant rubber materials.