脂质A
糖脂
脂多糖
佐剂
糖复合物
细菌外膜
免疫系统
微生物学
Toll样受体
生物
细菌
大肠杆菌
化学
免疫学
生物化学
先天免疫系统
遗传学
基因
作者
Atsushi Shimoyama,Koichi Fukase
标识
DOI:10.1002/9783527831326.ch4
摘要
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major glycoconjugate in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and its active principle glycolipid, lipid A, are recognized by Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, trigger immunostimulatory effects, and thus have the potential to act as vaccine adjuvants. Canonical Escherichia coli LPS causes strong inflammation and hypersensitizes the immune system, thus acting as an endotoxin, but recent studies have shown that structural modification of lipid A can attenuate its toxicity. In this chapter, the structure–activity relationship of lipid A and its potential as a vaccine adjuvant are discussed. A strategy to develop gut-associated lymphoid tissues using bacterial lipid A as a safe lipid A adjuvant based on bacterial–host chemical ecology is introduced. Self-adjuvanting strategy to enhance the adjuvant function of lipid A is also presented.
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