Almond oil extraction residues as functional ingredients: nutritional composition, biological activities, and polyphenol in vitro bioaccessibility

-glucoside exceeding 100% bioaccessibility. Moreover, the antioxidant potential of bioaccessible fractions after simulated digestion was superior to that exhibited by non-digested samples. Furthermore, the prebiotic potential of digested residues was evident through the promotion of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium growth, comparable to inulin. Altogether, these results highlight the value of almond oilcake and its extraction residues as promising and sustainable functional food ingredients.