Wearable and Flexible Sensors Based on 2D and Nanomaterials

Abstract Physical parameters measuring human health conditions such as heart rate, body temperature, bodily motion, strain, respiratory rate, blood pressure, muscle activity cardiovascular diseases, and neurological activity can be measured using dynamic wearable devices. The accelerating development in the field of material sciences, electronics, and engineering has a great impact on fast disease diagnosis, delivering real-time monitoring of physiological parameters through sensors. Wearable and flexible sensor devices provide an alternative to current massive and rigid sensors. They deliver better comfort as well as yielding precise real-time measurement of physical parameters such as temperature and pressure. Flexible sensors comprise a sensing element, data processing unit, and the interconnecting connections in the system, all components that are vital to final sensor design and function. In this chapter we cover different types of flexible sensors classified according to their working principles, based on mechanical, electrical, electrochemical, electronic, biochemical, and thermal properties. Recent developments and future directions of flexible and wearable sensors based on nano- and two-dimensional materials for body applications are discussed.