The difference of two brain states: A simultaneous EEG/fMRI study

Simultaneous EEG/fMRI is a new technique which can record the EEG and fMRI signal currently. By using this new method people expect to obtain both high temporal and spatial resolution of brain activity. Resting state, which is referred to the brain state under no task conditions, has been one of the focuses of the neuroscience research field. Recently researchers have found the resting state is well organized into very complex structure. Several studies using simultaneous EEG/fMRI have demonstrated that there is some relationship between the EEG and fMRI patterns. In our study, we explored the difference between the functional networks of the two brain states under the resting state, which were identified by two prominent EEG rhythms (alpha and theta). The results demonstrated that the default mode network's activity deceased whereas the other resting networks' activity increased when the prominent rhythm shifted from alpha to theta.