State-of-the-art review of soil erosion control by MICP and EICP techniques: Problems, applications, and prospects

In recent years, the application of microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) and enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) techniques have been extensively studied to mitigate soil erosion, yielding substantial achievements in this regard. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the recent progress in erosion control by MICP and EICP techniques. To further discuss the effectiveness of erosion mitigation in-depth, the estimation methods and characterization of erosion resistance were initially compiled. Moreover, factors affecting the erosion resistance of MICP/EICP-treated soil were expounded, spanning from soil properties to treatment protocols and environmental conditions. The development of optimization and upscaling in erosion mitigation via MICP/EICP was also included in this review. In addition, this review discussed the limitations and correspondingly proposed prospective applications of erosion control via the MICP/EICP approach. The current review presents up-to-date information on the research activities for improving erosion resistance by MICP/EICP, aiming at providing insights for interdisciplinary researchers and guidance for promoting this method to further applications in erosion mitigation.