Food Fortification to Combat Micronutrient Deficiencies- A Review

The Fortification of food products with micronutrients to address their deficiencies is a concept which has been introduced over a hundred years from now. Yet the problem of malnutrition still persists in the 21st century. Micronutrient deficiencies are a problem which disproportionately affect vulnerable groups like women, children and low income families. Fortifying foods with required micro nutrients is a legitimate solution that employs highly effective strategies to combat deficiencies in these essential nutrients. Food fortification has been a vital part of missions to face micronutrient deficiencies worldwide especially in developing countries. In this review paper we have started with how fortification works as a viable solution in the current scenario worldwide. A historical overview has been provided. All over the world there are many programs where specific foods are mandated to be fortified with certain micronutrients in fixed amounts to make sure of proper nutritional access to affected socio-economic groups. We used data available from various research articles, government reports and policies to assess the current situation of fortification programs especially in regard to government stance and commitment through policies in India. Various potential advantages and risks of fortification have been analysed from available research.