Forced vibration analysis model for pumped storage power station based on the 1D–3D coupling and pipe walls vibration

Abstract Hydraulic vibration is a common phenomenon in pumped storage power stations (PSPS) and hydropower plants. Evaluating the performance of the PSPS and water conveyance system under the hydraulic vibration condition is significant for the safety of the electric power and the PSPS system. In this study, the one‐dimensional (1D) and three‐dimensional (3D) coupling model for the entire PSPS system is established based on the open‐source software OpenFOAM and in‐house C++ codes. The coupling data exchange is realized by writing and reading files. The coupling model is validated by comparing the results with the pure 1D method under small load disturbance conditions. The forced vibration source is modeled by the pipe walls vibration method in the 3D region, and the 1D method takes charge of other parts in the PSPS system. The combination of the pipe walls vibration and 1D–3D coupling could fully consider the incident and reflected characteristics of the pressure waves. The established model could evaluate the overall performance of the PSPS system under forced vibration. Sensitive analysis of the vibration magnitude is carried out, and the results are consistent with the theoretical analysis, demonstrating that the established model is applicable for the forced vibration analysis.