Soft computing tools for floodplain modelling

The most common reason for flooding could be overtopping of river or stream due to heavy downfall. A floodplain is the normally dry land area adjoining river or stream that is inundated during flood events and it carries flow in excess of the river or stream capacity. Flood frequency and flood water‐surface elevations are the vital components for the flood hazard mapping. This paper focuses the soft computing methodology that incorporates advanced technologies for hydrologic and hydraulic analyses that are needed to be carried out to predict the flood water‐surface elevations for any ungaged watershed.