生物
藻类
生物燃料
营养物
光合作用
藻类生质燃料
代谢工程
限制
代谢途径
植物
生物技术
生化工程
生态学
生物柴油
生物化学
新陈代谢
机械工程
工程类
催化作用
酶
作者
Elton Gonçalves,Ann C. Wilkie,Matias Kirst,Bala Rathinasabapathi
摘要
The great need for more sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels has increased our research interests in algal biofuels. Microalgal cells, characterized by high photosynthetic efficiency and rapid cell division, are an excellent source of neutral lipids as potential fuel stocks. Various stress factors, especially nutrient-starvation conditions, induce an increased formation of lipid bodies filled with triacylglycerol in these cells. Here we review our knowledge base on glycerolipid synthesis in the green algae with an emphasis on recent studies on carbon flux, redistribution of lipids under nutrient-limiting conditions and its regulation. We discuss the contributions and limitations of classical and novel approaches used to elucidate the algal triacylglycerol biosynthetic pathway and its regulatory network in green algae. Also discussed are gaps in knowledge and suggestions for much needed research both on the biology of triacylglycerol accumulation and possible avenues to engineer improved algal strains.
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