International plant health - putting legislation into practice.

The development and implementation of legislation related to phytosanitation; early legislation enacted against plant parasitic nematodes; international phytosanitary initiatives against plant parasitic nematodes; phytosanitary problems posed by plant parasitic nematodes; determining the risk posed by plant parasitic nematodes by pest risk analysis; phytosanitary measures for plant parasitic nematodes; and phytosanitary measures and associated cost:benefits (phytosanitary suppression programmes for Radopholus similis in the USA, nematode phytosanitary exclusion programme for cotton and vegetables, and eradication programme for Globodera rostochiensis in the USA) are discussed in this chapter. Future challenges for the control of regulated nematodes, and challenges facing scientific advisers and researchers are mentioned.