Ethical Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care: A Narrative Review

With the advent of advanced computing power, artificial intelligence (AI) has gained traction in all areas of human life. The field of medicine is no exception to the influence of AI because technology is intricately linked to the advancement of modern-day clinical practice. However, many challenges must still be addressed to ensure that broad adoption of AI in health care is practically feasible, safe, and accepted by health care professionals. This review focuses on the ethical challenges of implementing and developing AI algorithms to augment patient care in health care settings. More specifically, we discuss the issues of bias, privacy, security, lack of transparency and explainability, and the potential impacts on physician−patient relationships when large-scale AI models are incorporated into modern-day medicine.