Static Mixing in Fermentation Processes

Introduction Structural Types and Construction Static Mixers from Tubes or Short Pipes Static Mixers of Plates or Sheets Helical Static Mixers Wire Matrix Turbulators Effects of Static Mixers on Momentum Transfer Flow Structure Pressure Drop Gas-Holdup Liquid Velocity Mixing Mass Transfer in Presence of Static Mixers Heat Transfer Using Static Mixers Scale-up Considerations Concluding Remarks Nomenclature References