CircRNA LOC729852 promotes bladder cancer progression by regulating macrophage polarization and recruitment via the miR‐769‐5p/IL‐10 axis

Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs) function as tumour promoters or suppressors in bladder cancer (BLCA) by regulating genes involved in macrophage recruitment and polarization. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the biological role of circLOC729852 in BLCA. CircLOC729852 was upregulated in BLCA tissues and correlated with increased proliferation, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BCLA cells. MiR‐769‐5p was identified as a target for circLOC729852, which can upregulate IL‐10 expression by directly binding to and suppressing miR‐769‐5p. Furthermore, our results indicated that the circLOC729852/miR‐769‐5p/IL‐10 axis modulates autophagy signalling in BLCA cells and promotes the recruitment and M2 polarization of TAMs by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. In addition, circLOC729852 also promoted the growth of BLCA xenografts and M2 macrophage infiltration in vivo. Thus, circLOC729852 functions as an oncogene in BLCA by inducing secretion of IL‐10 by the M2 TAMs, which then facilitates tumour cell growth and migration. Taken together, circLOC729852 is a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for BLCA.