Achieving Extremely Efficient Anti‐Icing/Frosting Surface via Synergistic Effects of Photo‐Thermal and Calcium Chloride Superspread Embedding

Abstract Composite materials with photothermal effects and low freezing point properties have been widely explored for anti‐icing/frosting. However, complex fabrication methods, environmental unfriendliness, and poor anti‐icing/frosting performance have hindered their widespread application. Here, superhydrophilic multiscale micro‐nano structures composed of non‐stoichiometric titanium oxide are constructed on the titanium surfaces using a simple and eco‐friendly femtosecond laser direct writing technology. The anti‐icing/frosting performance of the samples is enhanced via calcium chloride superspread embedding. The laser‐treated, titanium‐calcium chloride composite surface (LT‐Ti‐CC) fabricated at the optimal laser scanning speed (100 mm s −1 ) exhibits a high average light absorptivity of 96.15% in the 400–1100 nm wavelength range. The surface temperature of LT‐Ti‐CC increases by 32 °C within 300 s under 1 sun illumination. In addition, the LT‐Ti‐CC exhibits a ≈500% increase in frosting time, a ≈217% extension in icing time, and a ≈65% decrease in de‐icing time compared to pristine‐Ti. This simply fabricated and eco‐friendly photothermal material may be efficiently incorporated into many anti‐icing/ frosting applications.