Development of the applications of titanium nitride in fuel cells

Recently, titanium nitrides have attracted extensive interests as an active material for electrodes in fuel cell because of their excellent physical properties (such as high melting points of approximately 3000 °C), hardness, wear resistance, high electrical conductivity, and chemical stability. This review highlights the background and recent progress in the applications of titanium nitrides in fuel cells. Some typical applications, such as sensors, electrodeposition, methanol oxidation reaction, ethanol oxidation reaction, formic acid oxidation reaction, and oxygen reduction reaction, are clearly classified and discussed in detail.