Gossypiboma of Axilla: Imaging Pitfalls on Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) with computed tomography (CT) has become the standard of care in staging, restaging, and response assessment of various malignancies including malignant melanoma. However, nonspecific uptake of FDG can occur in infectious and inflammatory conditions and can mimic a tumor. We present here a case of gossypiboma of the axillary region with FDG uptake detected in a patient with malignant melanoma of the upper extremity and discuss the potential pitfalls of this entity on FDG-PET/CT.