亲社会行为
同情
心理学
互惠(文化人类学)
社会心理学
人际交往
声誉
利他主义(生物学)
剧目
发展心理学
社会学
声学
社会科学
物理
作者
Sebastian Grueneisen,Felix Warneken
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.08.005
摘要
Children act prosocially already in their first years of life. Research has shown that this early prosociality is mostly motivated by sympathy for others, but that, over the course of development, children's prosocial behaviors become more varied, more selective, and more motivationally and cognitively complex. Here, we review recent evidence showing that starting at around age 5, children become gradually capable of strategically using prosocial acts as instrumental means to achieve ulterior goals such as to improve their reputation, to be chosen as social partners, to elicit reciprocity, and to navigate interpersonal obligations. Children's sympathy-based prosociality is thus being extended and reshaped into a behavioral repertoire that enables individuals to pursue and balance altruistic, mutualistic, and selfish motives.
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