Arginine-rich peptide/platinum hybrid colloid nanoparticle cluster: A single nanozyme mimicking multi-enzymatic cascade systems in peroxisome

Recently, nanozymes have attracted sustained attention for facilitating next generation of artificial enzymatic cascade systems (ECSs). However, the fabrication of integrated multi-ECSs based on a single nanozyme remains a great challenge. Here, inspired by the biological function and self-assembling ability of arginine (R), we synthesized arginine-rich peptide-Pt nanoparticle cluster (ARP-PtNC) nanozymes that mimic two typical enzymatic cascade systems of uricase/catalase and superoxide dismutase/catalase in natural peroxisome. ARPs containing at least 10 arginine residues contribute to the cluster formation based on hydrogen bonding and coordination. The well-designed peptide-Pt hybrid nanozyme not only possesses excellent uricase-mimicking activity to degrade uric acid effectively, but also serves as a desired scavenger for reactive oxygen species (ROS) harnessing two efficient enzyme cascade catalysis of uricase/catalase and superoxide dismutase/catalase. The surface microenvironment of the hybrid nanozymes provided by arginine-rich peptides and the cluster structure contribute to the efficient multiply enzyme-like activities. Fascinatingly, the hybrid nanozyme can inhibit the formation of monosodium urate monohydrate effectively based on the architecture of ARP-PtNCs. Thus, ARP-PtNC nanozyme has the potential in gout and hyperuricemia therapy. Rational design of ingenious peptide-metal hybrid nanozyme with unique physicochemical surface properties provides a versatile and designed strategy to fabricate multi-enzymatic cascade systems, which opens new avenues to broaden the application of nanozymes in practice.