中东呼吸综合征
中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒
呼吸道感染
爆发
医学
重症监护医学
冠状病毒
普通感冒
抗病毒药物
病毒学
2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)
病毒
免疫学
呼吸系统
疾病
传染病(医学专业)
内科学
作者
Alimuddin Zumla,Jasper Fuk‐Woo Chan,Esam I. Azhar,David S. Hui,Kwok‐Yung Yuen
摘要
In humans, infections with the human coronavirus (HCoV) strains HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 usually result in mild, self-limiting upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold. By contrast, the CoVs responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), which were discovered in Hong Kong, China, in 2003, and in Saudi Arabia in 2012, respectively, have received global attention over the past 12 years owing to their ability to cause community and health-care-associated outbreaks of severe infections in human populations. These two viruses pose major challenges to clinical management because there are no specific antiviral drugs available. In this Review, we summarize the epidemiology, virology, clinical features and current treatment strategies of SARS and MERS, and discuss the discovery and development of new virus-based and host-based therapeutic options for CoV infections.
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