In this article, it was found that growth and development of main root and lateral root of Arabidopsis\nthaliana seedling were evidently affected by kanamycin, and etiolation of Arabidopsis thaliana seedling was very serious.\nCompared to the controls, main root of Arabidopsis thaliana seedling on MS with kanamycin was very short, lateral root\nwas not formed, and meristematic zone of root tip diminished and exhibited large intercellular space. Furthermore, effect\nof kanamycin on root tip of Arabidopsis thaliana seedling exhibited reversible, but the reversibility in elongation of main\nroot was not obvious. Accordingly, it is presumed that kanamycin might have effects on photosynthesis of Arabidopsis\nthaliana seedling and supply of nutriment by influencing growth of seedling leaves, and then restrain growth and\ndevelopment of its main root and lateral root.