ZnO Multilayer Thin Films as The Seed Layer for ZnO Nanorods: Morphology, Structural and Optical properties

The effect of zinc oxide (ZnO) multilayer thin film thicknesses, deposited via the sol-gel spin coating technique, on the morphology, structural and optical properties of ZnO nanorods (ZNR) grown on the ZnO thin films were explored in this investigation. The ZNR was grown using the chemical bath deposition method on the ZnO thin film seed layer (SL). We found that ZnO thin film SL morphology changes according to the number of layers based on the results. Eventually, these changes also influence the structures of ZNR. ZNR structures improved when the thickness of the seed layer increased. Besides the surface roughness, better crystalline quality films were obtained when more layers were deposited. This crystalline quality then influenced the optical characteristics of both ZnO and ZNR thin films. The optical properties from UV-Vis showed transmittance in the visible region, showing that the ZnO films produced were suitable to be applied to solar cells. ZNR-based solar cells have become one of the promising materials to be studied further due to the environment-friendly, low-cost, and well-abundant material for solar cell applications.