Group Package Tour Playfulness Climate: Scale Development and Validation

The purpose of this study is to establish the constructs and scale of Group Package Tour Playfulness Climate (GPT-PC). Study 1, in-depth interviews of 25 tour conductors and tour members in overseas GPTs were conducted. The initial items were determined by content analysis at this stage. Study 2, involved scale development based on a sample of 350 tour members experienced in short-term GPTs. Five factors were extracted through exploratory factor analysis, including: information sharing, group travel interest, perception of consonance, group climate, and group cooperation. Study 3, 369 tour members who had long-distance GPTs experience were used as a sample to re-test the reliability and validity of the scale. The research results can fill in the gaps in GPTs academic research, and it can provide tour conductors as a reference for mastering the quality of tour groups, and as a reference index for travel agencies to train tour conductors.