Update on the pathophysiology and treatment of diabetic kidney disease: a narrative review

Recently, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors have been shown to reduce the risk of progression of nephropathy. Additionally, glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptides elicit vasoactive effects, reducing the risk of DKD. Finerenone, a non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, reduces the composite renal endpoint without causing severe hyperkalemia.