α2-adrenergic receptor distributes in all the tissues of the body,so the research of dexmedetomidine clinical applications and its correlation with α2-adrenergic receptor should not only be limited to the sedative and analgesic effect.Because dexmedetomidine also have many notable roles in other clinical scenarios.Recently it has been found that dexmedetomidine could exert protective effect on multiple organs,treat alcohol withdrawal symptoms and inhibit fear memory formation,the relevant research progress is to be reviewed.