Teriparatide for the Treatment of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a painful and intractable disease of the jaw that clinically presents as an area of ulceration with exposed necrotic bone. In severe cases, it can predispose to jaw fracture, skin fistula, or osteolysis extending beyond the region of the alveolar bone. No effective treatment has been established for this condition. Recently, teriparatide, a recombinant parathyroid hormone, and the only FDA-approved osteoanabolic drug for the treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, has been used for the treatment of MRONJ. We review the literature highlighting the effectiveness of teriparatide alone or as an adjunct in the treatment of MRONJ. Twenty publications met our selection criteria, comprising 54 patients with stage 2 or 3 MRONJ secondary to antiresorptive/antiangiogenic drugs. Trauma due to implant placement was the most common triggering factor for the development of MRONJ. Patients were treated with subcutaneous injections of 20-μg teriparatide for 3–12 months (5 1/2 months average). Symptomatic relief was achieved in almost all cases, with lesions healing completely in 49 of 54 patients. Based on our findings, teriparatide can play an important role in the treatment of MRONJ.