Identification of GSR and CBR1 as biomarkers in HIV ‐associated emphysema through transcriptomic analysis

Our study suggests possible mechanisms and candidate biomarkers (GSR and CBR1) for HIV-associated emphysema and also provides exploratory insights into potential immune dysregulation in affected patients. However, due to the heterogeneity of tissue sources, limited sample size and the fact that the mechanistic insights were inferred from bioinformatics analyses rather than experimental validation, the cross-tissue relevance of shared genes remains speculative and the immune infiltration findings based on peripheral blood transcriptomes may not fully reflect lung immune composition. Therefore, these findings should be interpreted with caution.