Unlocking cryogenic zinc-ion batteries with a glycerol monoallyl ether-modulated aqueous electrolyte

AP cosolvent enables cryogenic Zn-ion batteries by disrupting water H-bond networks, restructuring Zn 2+ solvation, and guiding oriented Zn(002) deposition. It achieves 4500 h@25 °C/2500 h@−20 °C cycle life, showing cryogenic electrolyte design.