木质素
动态力学分析
化学
傅里叶变换红外光谱
聚合
玻璃化转变
反应性(心理学)
高分子化学
自由基聚合
化学改性
有机化学
聚合物
化学工程
工程类
病理
医学
替代医学
作者
Saiyu Luo,Jinzhen Cao,Armando G. McDonald
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.05.007
摘要
A strategy of enhancing the reactivity of lignin molecule towards thermally initiated free radical polymerization was examined. Technical lignin samples were reacted with selected esterification agents (butyric and crotonic anhydrides) leading to extensive conversion of the available hydroxyl groups. The esterified lignins were then subjected to thermal processing in the presence or absence of dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The rheological and viscoelasticity behavior during this process were examined by in-situ rheology and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The functionality and glass transition temperature (Tg) of samples before and after modification were assessed for evaluating the validity of modification. After crotonylation, the lignin derivatives were susceptible to thermally initiated free radical polymerization, especially in the presence of DCP. Upon heating, the lignin crotonate showed a significant increase in storage modulus (E′) from around 200 °C to 260 °C. The Tg of lignin crotonate increased by about 20 °C after thermal treatment in the presence of DCP. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of samples that were collected from rheological test confirmed the reaction of CC took place. Vanillyl alcohol as a lignin model compound was subjected to the same modification procedure with lignin to uncover the mechanism by FTIR and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, indicating there are three potential reaction sites: CC, CO and CH2-, among which CC is likely to form a cross-linked network. The conclusions from this study may provide the foundations for a rational design of technical lignin-based polymeric materials, by providing the double bonds to anchor the lignin molecules in the resin or copolymers.
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