A robust and ultra-high-surface hydrogen-bonded organic framework promoting high-efficiency solid phase microextraction of multiple persistent organic pollutants from beverage and tea

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are widely distributed in the environment and are toxic, even at low concentrations. In this study, we first used hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) to enrich POPs, based on solid phase microextraction (SPME). The HOF called PFC-1 (self-assembled by 1,3,6,8-tetra(4-carboxylphenyl)pyrene) has an ultra-high specific surface area, excellent thermochemical stability, and abundant functional groups, making it potential to be an excellent coating in SPME. And the as-prepared PFC-1 fiber have demonstrated outstanding enrichment abilities for nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) and POPs. Furthermore, the PFC-1 fiber was coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) to develop an ultrasensitive and practical analytical method with wide linearity (0.2–200 ng·L−1), low detection limits for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) (0.070–0.082 ng·L−1) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (0.030–0.084 ng·L−1), good repeatability (6.7–9.9%), and satisfactory reproducibility (4.1–8.2%). Trace concentrations of OCPs and PCBs in drinking water, tea beverage, and tea were also determined precisely with the proposed analytical method.