Correlation between physical properties and the electrochemical behavior in inorganic solid-state electrolytes for lithium and sodium batteries: A comprehensive review

In comparison to conventional liquid electrolytes (LEs), solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are safer. For that reason, they are emerging as must-have materials for the next generation of safe energy storage systems. Specifically, lithium- and sodium-based SSEs could be a promising solution due to their high specific capacities and low redox potential. As a key component, SSEs require higher ionic conductivity and favorable interfacial compatibility between electrodes. In this review, we assess the types of SSE in existence and describe each type in detail. We focus on understanding the structural, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties and their influence on electrochemical performance. As to the electrode/electrolyte interface properties, detailed descriptions of the cathode and anode/solid-state electrolyte interface, including contact, dendrites formation, and ionic conductivity, are given. Finally, the current challenges and potential strategies for developing the future SSEs are identified.