Ionic liquid coordinated metal-catalyzed organic transformations: A comprehensive review

The dramatic rise in population has headed to an increased demand for raw materials and energy assets; however, the resource cannot be provided effortlessly in the same shares. Modern catalytic technologies contain materials which are more superbly intermixed because of the diverse nature of elements used along with the limitation of recycling and reusing. Moreover, with the increasing awareness of global climate change and resource depletion, a global shift towards greener alternative catalytic technologies has been triggered. Ionic liquid (IL) supported metal catalysts paved the way for greener catalytic technologies. In accordance with a recent and widely referred statement, “Ionic liquids are not only beginning to put a footprint in academic research but also make their way into a wide range of industrial applications”. More importantly, Ionic Liquid coordinated metal catalysts demonstrated excellent performance as heterogeneous catalysts in organic synthesis. In comparison to other types of metal catalysts, ionic Liquid-supported metal catalysts are more efficient because they are easy to synthesize, a green alternative to homogeneous catalysts, cost-effective, and reusable. To outline current advancements in the fundamental and application understanding of ILs assisted metal catalysts, the present study will focus on the synthesis and coordination behaviour of Pd, Cu, Ru, Fe, Co, and Rh catalysts supported on ionic liquids, as well as their application in organic transformations.