The straw fiber cement-based composites was prepared by classified straw fiber,cement clinker,fly ashand other auxiliary materials, and the technology of composite preparation and straw fiber classification was described in detail,and the hybrid effect of unclassified straw fiber was studied.Moreover,the dispersion of classified straw fiber and the mechanical properties of composites was analyzed.The experiment reveals that,when water cement ratio is 0.4,amount of water reducing agent is 1%,the width of classified straw fiber is from 0.3 to 0.6 mm,the length width ratio lies between 5 to 10,the mixing amount of straw fiber is 2%,the dispersion of straw fiber is optimal,and compared to the same mixing amount of unclassified straw fiber,the flexural strength of classified straw fiber cement-based composites increases 18.3%.