表观遗传学
癌变
DNA甲基化
背景(考古学)
酶
癌症研究
功能(生物学)
甲基化
表型
生物
癌症
细胞生物学
生物化学
遗传学
基因表达
基因
古生物学
作者
J. W. Bray,Meelad M. Dawlaty,Amit Verma,Anirban Maitra
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.trecan.2020.12.011
摘要
The mechanisms governing the methylome profile of tumor suppressors and oncogenes have expanded with the discovery of oxidized states of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes are a family of dioxygenases that iteratively catalyze 5mC oxidation and promote cytosine demethylation, thereby creating a dynamic global and local methylation landscape. While the catalytic function of TET enzymes during stem cell differentiation and development have been well studied, less is known about the multifaceted roles of TET enzymes during carcinogenesis. This review outlines several tiers of TET regulation and overviews how TET deregulation promotes a cancer phenotype. Defining the tissue-specific and context-dependent roles of TET enzymes will deepen our understanding of the epigenetic perturbations that promote or inhibit carcinogenesis.
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