Cracking feature and mechanical behavior of shield tunnel lining simulated by a phase-field modeling method based on spectral decomposition

Disturbed by the surrounding engineering construction, the shield tunnel lining may appear mixed-mode cracks such as segment cracking and joint crushing, which seriously damage its mechanical behaviors. To simulate the shield tunnel lining with mixed-mode cracks, a phase-field modeling method based on spectral decomposition is proposed, which unifies the critical energy release rate and crack-driving strain energy. The indoor full-scale tests are carried out to study the failure mechanism of the segment and joint. The phase-field modeling method is verified by the tests, and the influence of loading path on the cracking feature and mechanical behavior of the segment and joint are analyzed by the proposed numerical method. The test and numerical simulation indicate that the crack in the segment gradually develops from I-type crack (tensile crack) to Y-type crack (tensile-shear crack), and the joint is crushed due to local compression, and the crushed region expands gradually with the increase of the eccentricity. As the eccentricity decreases, the ultimate bearing capacity of the segment and joint is improved, while the ductility decreases. Then, the phase-field modeling method is extended to the stratum-structure model. As the surface load increases, the joints of the shield tunnel lining are crushed, and the top and bottom segments are cracked. Meanwhile, the bending moment is reduced due to the redistribution of internal forces caused by the segment cracking and joint crushing.