Anti-hypoxia polyacetylenes and sesquiterpenoids from Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf

A new polyacetylene, codonopsisylene (1), has been extracted from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula, along with 14 previously reported compounds, including two polyacetylenes (2-3) and twelve sesquiterpenoids (4-15). The chemical structures of these compounds were thoroughly characterised using a variety of spectroscopic techniques, combined with calculated NMR and ECD data. Anti-hypoxia activities of all isolated compounds were conducted using a CCK-8 assay. Among them, compounds 3 and 6 demonstrated anti-hypoxia effects by inhibiting ROS overexpression, reducing excessive LDH release and enhancing ΔΨm.