Objective:To investigate the transfection efficiency and cell cytotoxicity of Polyethyleneimine(PEI) derivative linking with glyoxal.Methods:Luciferase plasmid was used as the reporter gene to investigate transfection efficiency in COS-7 cells.Cytotoxicity was detected by MTT method.Results:COS-7 cells transfection and cytotoxicity results suggested that the gene carrier(Polyimine-PEI) was less cytotoxicity than that of PEI25kDa,and expressed equal transfection efficiency with PEI25kDa and Lipofectamine 2000.Conclusion:Polyimine-PEI could be a highly efficient and less toxic gene carrier which was promising in gene therapy.